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Marmara 1 Street is located in the Soğanlı Mahallesi neighborhood of Istanbul’s Bahçelievler district. In the early 1970s, Marmara 1 Street was characterized by a high concentration of informal settlements. However, in 1976, the Çoban Apartmanı, constructed by Mehmet Çoban along with his father Mustafa Çoban, brother Adil Çoban, and brother Kadir Çoban, marked one of the first steps toward a new era in the street’s development. The Çoban family moved into this building in 1977. This development

The metaverse is a virtual universe composed of three-dimensional, persistent digital environments in which users interact through avatars. It is conceived as an immersive space independent of the physical world, shaped by the integration of technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, artificial intelligence, blockchain, and Web 3.0, and encompasses permanent, collectively experienced digital spaces.In the context of architecture, the metaverse offers a new medium that transcends th

On 24 January 2020, a magnitude Mw 6.8 earthquake occurred with its epicenter in Çevrimtaş village of the Sivrice district in Elazığ. This shallow-focus earthquake took place on the Pütürge segment of the East Anatolian Fault System (EAFS) and was felt in Elazığ and surrounding provinces. The earthquake resulted in 41 fatalities, 1,607 injuries, and direct impact on approximately 47,800 people. In the city center of Elazığ, 13 percent of approximately 27,438 buildings sustained damage, particula

Zağnos Valley is a historical and recreational valley located within the Ortahisar district boundaries of Trabzon in Türkiye’s Black Sea Region. The valley is named after Zağnos Pasha, who undertook construction activities following Trabzon’s incorporation into Ottoman territory in the 15th century. The area has been redeveloped through urban transformation initiatives since the 2000s.Historical StructuresThe Zağnos Bridge within the valley contains architectural traces from the Roman Byzantine

Gecekondulaşma is a form of urban settlement characterized by the unauthorized and often unplanned construction of dwellings on land not owned by the builders, in violation of settlement and zoning regulations. In Türkiye, the term "gecekondu" is commonly used to describe illegal housing units built by low-income groups who migrated from rural areas to cities in response to housing shortages.History and DevelopmentThe process of gecekondulaşma in Türkiye accelerated significantly from the 1950s

City Letters (Şehir Mektupları) is a work authored by the Turkish writer Mustafa Kutlu, consisting of essays on the relationships between people, the city, and space. Published by Dergâh Yayınları as part of its "Turkish Literature" series, the book was first released in August 1995. It was printed as 268 pages and reached its 18th edition as of November 2022.Content and StructureThe book contains essays written by Mustafa Kutlu as a result of his observations in Istanbul over a period of nearly

Pervititch Maps are insurance maps that meticulously documented Istanbul’s urban fabric during the first half of the 20th century. Prepared by Croatian cartographer Jacques Pervititch between 1922 and 1945, these maps were originally created for insurance companies to assess fire risks. Over time, however, they became an invaluable source of information on Istanbul’s architectural structure, street layout, and social life.Kadıköy Guide Plan (Salt Research Archive)" image-alternate="" image-eleme

Kayaşehir is located at the foot of Nevşehir Castle in the center of Nevşehir province. It was discovered during excavations carried out in 2014 as part of the “Nevşehir Castle and Surroundings Urban Transformation Project” conducted by the Nevşehir Municipality and the Housing Development Administration of Türkiye (TOKİ). As a result of these urban transformation excavations, a multi-layered and multifunctional settlement structure was identified beneath the surface.The area, designated as a pr

Ekrem Orhon was born in 1911 in the village of Bürücek, located in the Derepazarı district of Rize. After completing his primary and secondary education in Rize, he graduated from Robert College. In 1936, he earned the title of civil engineer from the University of Illinois in the United States and returned to Turkey. Until 1948, he worked as a construction contractor and between 1948 and 1951, he held various positions at the 10th Regional Directorate of Highways. From 1951 to 1963, he worked a