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The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a technological transformation movement aimed at integrating physical production environments with the digital world. This concept enables production processes to become more efficient, flexible, and intelligent by allowing machines, sensors, and software systems to exchange data over the internet. IIoT is one of the foundational pillars of the Industry 4.0 approach and is transforming not only industrial manufacturing but also sectors such as energy,

S cyber-physical systems (CPS) are integrated structures in which physical processes operate in real-time and interactive conjunction with digital information systems. In these systems, the physical world is monitored and analyzed through embedded sensors, actuators, and control algorithms, enabling intervention via digital systems. CPS are widely used in numerous domains such as modern production lines, transportation infrastructure, smart energy grids, and medical devices, playing a critical r

Artificial labor systems refer to production and service systems in which artificial intelligence, robotics, and automation technologies are integrated to replace or support human labor. These systems encompass not only the performance of physical tasks but also the delegation of cognitive processes such as decision-making, analysis, and response to machines. In this regard, artificial labor distinguishes itself from traditional automation by exhibiting adaptability and learning capabilities aki

Data-based quality management is a management approach that systematically employs data collection, analysis, and interpretation processes to continuously monitor, control, and improve the quality of an organization’s products, services, and processes. This approach integrates traditional quality management principles with digital technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), and advanced analytics. Its primary objective is to shift from a reactive error-c

SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), known in Turkish as Centralized Monitoring and Data Collection, is a system composed of software and hardware components designed to monitor, control, and manage industrial and infrastructure processes from a central location. These systems collect real-time data from various devices spread across wide geographic areas or complex industrial operations, process this data, present it to operators in a meaningful format, and enable remote control of

Digital and next-generation tourism applications constitute a set of technological innovations that have evolved in parallel with Industry 4.0 and are fundamentally transforming the tourism sector. This transformation encompasses the integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), big data analytics, and blockchain into every stage of the travel experience. The process is reshaping a broad spectrum of t

5G Technology is a wireless communication standard developed following fourth-generation (4G) mobile communication systems, designed to meet the growing demands for data, speed, and connectivity in the digital world. 5G technology delivers high data transfer rates, low latency, and massive connection capacity, enabling critical advancements in both individual user experiences and industrial applications. In this regard, it serves as a foundational infrastructure not only for smartphones and mobi

Assembly line (Assembly Line) is a production system in which the components of a product are assembled in a specific sequence, and workers or machines perform designated tasks at each step of the production process. Typically, raw materials or semi-finished goods are introduced at the beginning of the line, and the final product is completed as it progresses to the end of the line. Assembly lines increase production speed and efficiency while reducing labor costs.Assembly lines maintain a centr

Data-driven manufacturing is an approach based on the systematic collection, analysis, and application of data generated from operational processes to enhance the performance of production systems. In this approach, production is not limited to the processing of physical inputs; it transforms into a continuously optimized structure through the integration of digital data into the production process.The foundation of this transformation lies in cyber-physical systems that enable interaction betwe

Artificial intelligence is the collective term for algorithms and systems that emulate human-like decision-making processes. Production optimization, on the other hand, refers to the comprehensive set of strategies that enable production processes to be carried out at the lowest cost with the highest efficiency and quality. AI-supported production optimization lies at the intersection of these two fields and aims to enhance production processes using artificial intelligence techniques.In this co