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Perception Management and Manipulation: The Psychology of Deception and Persuasion is a work by Mücahit Gültekin that examines the psychological dimensions of perception management and manipulation techniques. Published in 2016 by Pınar Yayınları, the book explores how individuals and masses in modern society are influenced, and analyzes the psychological dynamics of deception and persuasion. Drawing on examples from health, education, science, politics, cinema, commerce, and Islamic history, th

Red herring fallacy, also known as the red herring fish fallacy (red herring fallacy), is a method of diverting attention from the main issue by introducing an irrelevant but attention-grabbing element into the discussion. This type of fallacy belongs to the category of fallacies of relevance. Historical Origin The term was introduced in 1807 by the English journalist William Cobbett using the example of smoked herring. Herring (herring) is a species of fish found in the North Atlantic. When dri

Socratic questioning is a teaching and research method attributed to the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates, based on the principle of revealing truths hidden in the interlocutor’s mind through a pre-structured series of questions. The essence of the method lies not in the instructor directly imparting knowledge, but in guiding the student to structure their existing knowledge and thoughts so as to “give birth” to new understanding. The goal in this process is not to teach something new, but to

Criticize, but not me! There is a saying written by Alija Izetbegović during his years in prison: “Ben olsam, Müslüman Doğu’daki tüm mekteplere ‘eleştirel düşünme’ dersleri koyardım. Batı’nın aksine Doğu bu acımasız mektepten geçmemiştir ve birçok zaafının kaynağı budur.”Aliya İzzetbegoviç, Özgürlüğe Kaçışım: Zindandan Notlar (İstanbul: Klasik Yayınları, 2014), 152. ">【1】 We feel the truth of this sentence in every fiber of our being. We see this reality not only in others but also within our

21st Century Skills refer to the comprehensive set of cognitive, social, emotional, and digital competencies necessary for individuals to participate effectively in an information society. This concept emerged as a result of the need to restructure educational systems during the transition from an industrial society to an information and innovation society.【1】 Conceptual Framework Similarly, the Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills Project (ATC21S – Assessment and Teaching of 21st Cent

edit Mesaj is a science book written by American astronomer, astrophysicist and science communicator Carl Sagan. It is one of the works in which Sagan conveys his thoughts on science the universe and humanity as well as his scientific perspective to the reader. The book addresses access to scientific knowledge critical thinking and humanity’s place in the universe. Content and Themes The book provides content on the universe astronomy and scientific methods as well as human society and communica

Fallacies are erroneous inferences that arise in logical thought and reasoning execution processes. These concept refer to forms of reasoning that appear misleading or reasonable like but are in fact invalid. Throughout history, fallacies have been studied in the fields of philosophy, logic, and rhetoric, and have been used consciously or unconsciously to manipulate thoughts or lead people to erroneous conclusions. The first systematic examination of fallacies was conducted by Aristotle in his w

Throughout human history, literacy consisted simply of pronouncing and interpreting the letters printed by the press or written by the pen. Knowing a language meant only deciphering its alphabet to understand the world. Today, however, we are subjected to a data bombardment unlike any in history, standing before screens. As letters give way to batteries, pixels, emojis, and algorithmic flows, the very definition of traditional literacy is being shaken at its foundations. Simply being able to rea

Fallacies are erroneous inferences that arise in logical thinking and reasoning processes. This concept refers to forms of reasoning that appear deceptive or plausible but are, in fact, invalid. Fallacies have been studied throughout history in the fields of philosophy, logic, and rhetoric, and they have been used—either consciously or unconsciously—to manipulate people's thoughts or lead them to incorrect conclusions. The first known systematic study of fallacies was conducted by Aristotle in h

Retractationes is the work of Augustine, who critically reevaluated his own writings and holds a significant place in the history of Christian thought. Published by Dergâh Yayınları in 2025, this text serves as a fundamental document for understanding the evolution of Augustine’s theological and philosophical ideas. Subject In this work, Augustine identifies and corrects errors in thought, interpretation, and sources found in the writings he produced throughout his life. The text functions not o