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In ancient times, scientific knowledge was obtained with limited means. Nevertheless, despite these challenges, people succeeded in acquiring knowledge that transcended the limits of their era through observation and rational reasoning. One such individual was the Greek mathematician and geographer Eratosthenes, who lived in 235 BCE. His method for calculating the Earth’s diameter is still regarded today as a prime example of scientific ingenuity. Eratosthenes’ Method Eratosthenes knew that on t

Canan Dağdeviren was born on 4 May 1985 in Istanbul as the first daughter of Mine and Cavit Dağdeviren. Originally from Sivas, Dağdeviren moved to Kocaeli due to her family’s work and completed her primary and middle school education there. Educational and Academic Career In 2007, Dağdeviren graduated from the Hacettepe University Department of Physics Engineering. In the same year, she began her master’s studies in Materials Science and Engineering at Sabancı University and graduated in 2009. A

Cahit Arf (1910, Thessaloniki – 26 December 1997, Istanbul) was a mathematician and humanist. He played a key role in the establishment of TÜBİTAK and served as its first Scientific Council chairman. He received the İnönü Prize in 1948 and the TÜBİTAK Science Award in 1974. In 1980 he received an honorary doctorate from Istanbul University and Karadeniz Technical University, and in 1981 from Middle East Technical University. In addition, in 1994 he was awarded the title of Commandeur des Palmes

Professor Dr. Aziz Sancar (born 8 September 1946, Savur, Mardin) is a Turkish scientist, biochemist, molecular biologist and academic. He is among the leading figures in modern molecular biology due to his pioneering research in DNA repair, cellular sequencing, biological clocks and cancer therapy. In 2015, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry jointly with Paul Modrich and Tomas Lindahl by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for their mechanistic studies of DNA repair. Sancar continues

Prof. Dr. Aziz Sancar (born 8 September 1946, Savur, Mardin) is a Turkish scientist biochemist molecular biologist and academic. He is among the leading figures in modern molecular biology due to his pioneering research in DNA repair cell cycle biological clocks and cancer therapy. In 2015 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry jointly with Paul Modrich and Tomas Lindahl for their mechanistic studies of DNA repair. Sancar continues his research as a faculty member in the Department of Bioch

Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun 23 March 1912, in the Prussian region of Germany, was born into an aristocratic family. His father, Baron Magnus von Braun, and his mother, descended from King Valdemar I of Denmark. In childhood, he began showing an interest in science, particularly space; he developed an interest in astronomy by observing stars through a telescope given to him by his mother. The young Wernher read works by science fiction authors such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells a

Feza Gürsey (1921–1992) was one of the leading Turkish theoretical physicists of the 20th century. He gained international recognition for his work in particle physics and mathematical physics. His contributions to the application of symmetry concepts and group theory in physics established him as one of the key figures in modern high-energy physics. Gürsey’s research focused on developing theoretical models to explain the structure and interactions of fundamental particles. His contributions to

Rosalind Elsie Franklin, an English scientist born in London on 25 July 1920, conducted research in physical chemistry and X-ray crystallography. Following her studies on coal and carbon structures, she contributed to investigations into the molecular structure of DNA, and the data obtained through X-ray diffraction were used in the development of the double helix model of DNA. In the later stages of her career, Franklin researched the structure of viruses and continued her scientific work in la

Roald Amundsen (1872–1928) was a Norwegian polar explorer renowned for his expeditions in the Arctic and Antarctic regions in the early 20th century. He was the first person to navigate the Northwest Passage and became the first human to reach the South Pole in 1911. The methods he employed in polar exploration, his approach to logistical planning and the data collected during his journeys significantly influenced the development of modern polar expeditions. Amundsen’s work is regarded as one of

Wernher von Braun, as one of the 20th century’s most controversial and influential engineering figures, built a career that began with ballistic missile technologies developed in Nazi Germany and extended to the United States’ human mission to the Moon. He left behind a complex legacy shaped by the tension between his technical genius and his ethical responsibilities. ### Childhood Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun was born on 23 March 1912 in the Prussian region of Germany into an ar