
Ahmet Rifat Bey (Çalıka) was a politician who served during the late Ottoman and early Republican periods, born in 1873. Following the proclamation of the Second Constitutional Era, he was elected as a deputy from Elazığ to the Chamber of Deputies (Meclis-i Mebûsan), and after the declaration of the Republic, he served as a member of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye for its first, second, and third terms representing Elazığ. Throughout his political career, he participated in religious and
EN
Yunus Emre Sağlam

Halkevleri were institutions that embodied the populist cultural policies adopted during the early period of the Republic of Türkiye (1932–1951). Operating as public-benefit associations, the Halkevleri were inaugurated on 19 February 1932 in 14 provincial centers under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and later expanded to many regions of Türkiye, engaging in cultural activities such as education, health care, housing, environmental protection, and the defense of women’s rights. Followin
EN
Yağmur Yıldız Parıltı