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The internal rate of return (IRR) is a widely used profitability indicator in financial management and investment analysis. This rate measures the return on an investment by taking into account the time value of cash inflows and outflows and occupies a central position in decision-making processes, particularly in capital budgeting. IRR is defined as the discount rate that equates the net present value (NPV) of an investment to zero. In this context, calculating IRR provides an opportunity to co