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Yahya Çavuş Martyrdom Site is a memorial built in honor of the soldiers who lost their lives defending Ertuğrul Bay during the Gallipoli Campaign. The site is located directly opposite the Ertuğrul Battery. Constructed by the Ministry of Culture in 1992, this monument commemorates the Turkish soldiers of the 3rd Battalion of the 26th Regiment of the 9th Division who defended Ertuğrul Bay during the landing on 25 April 1915.【1】 Historical Background and Battle Process On 25 April 1915, as part of

May 16, 1919, was not merely a date on a calendar; it was the first physical step on the path from the ashes of an empire to a fully independent republic. As the Bandırma Vessel cast off from Galata Pier, escaping the foggy atmosphere of occupied Istanbul, it carried the hope of freedom for an entire nation. More Than a Mission: The Inspectorate of the 9th Army Mustafa Kemal Pasha held an official assignment: Inspector of the 9th Army. On paper, his duty was to restore order in the region and co

Nene Hatun (1857–22 May 1955) was an Ottoman woman known for her resistance during the defense of the Aziziye Redoubt in Erzurum during the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War (93 War), and who gradually became one of the symbolic figures of popular opposition to occupation. Her life has been closely associated over time with the image of the “heroic Turkish woman” in social memory and the media. Life and Family Nene Hatun was born in 1857 in Çeperler village, within the Pasinler (Hasankale) district of

Nusret Mine Ship is a Turkish naval vessel that played a critical role in the 1915 Gallipoli Campaign. In March 1915, the Nusret Mine Ship laid 26 mines, successfully preventing the British and French navies from passing through the Dardanelles Strait. This minefield led to the sinking of the battleships Bouvet, Irresistible, and Ocean, as well as severe damage to many other vessels, during the naval operations on 18 March 1915. With this achievement, Nusret became known as "the world’s most fam

Fixed-line telephone is a communication device that operates through a wired connection at a specific location and enables voice communication. As one of the key inventions in communication technology, the fixed-line telephone has followed a path marked by bans, customs seizures, foreign company concessions, nationalization efforts, institutional transformations, and technological breakthroughs from the Ottoman Empire to present-day Türkiye. History of the Fixed-line Telephone Fixed-line telepho