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Şebinkarahisar Independence Fountain is a monumental fountain located in the city center of the Şebinkarahisar district in Giresun, Türkiye. It was built in memory of the Turkish War of Independence.According to written sources, the fountain was constructed in 1927 by the then-Mayor Hüsnü Bey to commemorate the War of Independence and to symbolize the founding of the Republic. The craftsman responsible for its construction was Sarı Mustafa, who came from Torul. Initially, the fountain was placed

Ali Çetinkaya was born in 1878 in Afyonkarahisar as the son of Şerifzade Ahmet Bey. After completing his primary and secondary education in his hometown, he moved to Istanbul to pursue a military education. In 1896, he was admitted to the Ottoman Military Academy (Harbiye Mektebi) and graduated in 1898 with the rank of infantry second lieutenant (mülazım-ı sani).Military Career and Frontline ExperienceThroughout his career, Çetinkaya rose steadily through the ranks: lieutenant (mülazım-ı evvel)

New Adana Newspaper is known as Türkiye’s oldest local newspaper and has continuously published since 1918 to the present day. It is particularly recognized for its strong support of the National Struggle against the French occupation of Adana during the Turkish War of Independence.Founding and Early YearsThe newspaper was launched on 25 December 1918, following the French occupation of Adana, by teacher Ahmet Remzi (Yüreğir) and reserve officer Yozgatlı Mehmet Avni (Doğan), under the name “Adan

Tuncer was the founder of a cologne brand that emerged during the early years of the Republic of Türkiye and stood out as one of the local production initiatives. The business he established under his own name in 1933 became one of the prominent domestic companies in the field of personal care and cosmetics.Early Life and MigrationEyüp Sabri Tuncer was born in 1898 in Banja Luka, a city located within the borders of the Ottoman Empire at the time, in present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 1908,

Afyonkarahisar Museum is a regional cultural and historical center that presents a rich collection of archaeological and ethnographic artifacts dating from the Chalcolithic Age to the Republican era, using modern exhibition techniques. The museum's origins trace back to the early years of the Republic of Türkiye, when the Society of Antiquities Enthusiasts (Asar-ı Atika Muhipleri Cemiyeti) initiated efforts to preserve ancient artifacts by gathering them at the Taş Medrese in Afyonkarahisar. In

Çankaya, written by Falih Rıfkı Atay, is a work of political memoir with significant historical value. It recounts the life of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk—the founder of the Republic of Türkiye—and the Turkish War of Independence through the lens of a journalist, comrade, and direct observer. The book not only portrays Atatürk’s personality and leadership but also documents the foundational phases of the Republic, based on first-hand accounts. The title Çankaya refers to the presidential residence whe

Bristol's War Diaries and reports to the State Department, totaling approximately 10,000 pages and housed in seven folders, are preserved in the archives of the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress. The diaries and reports are important primary sources, conveying the observations of an American high commissioner who meticulously recorded the political, military, and social events of the period. Admiral Mark Lambert Bristol served in Türkiye for approximately eight and a half years, fro

Bandırma Steamship was a maritime vessel used during the Ottoman Empire for postal and passenger transport. Its significance in the history of the Republic of Türkiye stems from its role in transporting Mustafa Kemal Paşa, appointed as Inspector of the 9th Army, along with his military and civilian delegation, from Istanbul to Samsun on 19 May 1919. This journey marked a historic turning point widely regarded as the beginning of the Turkish War of Independence and the start of the process leadin

Ali Sâib Ursavaş was a Turkish soldier and politician whose life spanned a challenging journey from Tripolitania to Urfa, from the Ottoman Parliament to the Independence Tribunal. As one of the key figures of the National Struggle, he is particularly remembered for his leadership in liberating Urfa from French occupation. Ursavaş served as a member of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye, was awarded the Independence Medal, and presided over the Independence Tribunal that tried the leaders of

Cafeter Tayyar Eğilmez was an officer who rose to prominence during the final period of the Ottoman State. A graduate of the War School and the War Academy, he served on various fronts during the Balkan Wars, World War I, and the Turkish War of Independence. He played an active role in organizing the national resistance in Thrace and served as a deputy from Edirne during the first term of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye. After the war, he retired from military service and continued his li