
Presidential Government System is the government system adopted in Türkiye through the 2017 constitutional amendment and put into practical effect following the 2018 elections. The system is based on the principle that executive power is exercised by the President. Law No. 6771 amended Article 8 of the Constitution to assign executive power to the President; Article 104 was revised to state: “The President is the head of the state. Executive power belongs to the President.” With this change, the
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Hamza Aktay

Süleyman Seyfi Öğün (b. 1959) is an academic, writer, and thinker known for his work in political theory, social thought, and critique of modernity in Türkiye. He has examined topics such as labor, capitalism, ideology, alienation, and transformation of modern society from historical and philosophical perspectives. In addition to his academic work, he has explored the cultural, political, and moral dimensions of modernity in his essays and articles. He is regarded as one of the leading represent
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Mustafa Cem İnci