
In Turkish mythology, the tripartite conception of the world is a cosmological model reflecting the ancient Turks’ understanding of the universe. According to this model, the universe consists of three main planes: the sky, the earth (surface), and the underworld. Each plane is defined by its own unique beings, spirits, and conceptual order. This worldview occupied a central place in the belief systems of the ancient Turks and shaped their social, cultural, mythological, and ritualistic lives.Sk
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Neriman Çalışkan
AnAnimism is a belief system based on the conviction that all entities—living or non-living difference—possess a soul or vital force. This belief is regarded as one of the earliest metaphysical and religious conceptions in human history.Concept was systematically defined by the British anthropologist Edward Burnett Tylor (1832–1917) in his 1871 work Primitive Culture. Tylor viewed animism as humanity’s first religious mode of thought about nature and characterized it as the most fundamental and pr
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Sümeyra Uzun