
In architecture, scale refers to the proportional relationship between the actual dimensions of a building or architectural element and a reference dimension. Technically, this ratio is represented in drawings and models using scales such as 1:100, 1:50, or 1:20, allowing the building’s true size to be represented in reduced form. However, scale is not merely a representational tool; it is also an perceptual and conceptual design component that shapes the relationship between space, the human bo
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Esra Özkafa

International Space Station (ISS) is a space laboratory located in low Earth orbit (LEO), continuously inhabited and constructed through international collaboration. Initiated in 1998, this project was realized through the cooperation of five major space agencies: the United States (NASA), Russia (Roscosmos), the European Space Agency (ESA), Japan (JAXA), and Canada (CSA). The station serves as a platform for scientific research, technology development, and international cooperation. Establishme
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Sabiha Meyra Şahinler

Astrophysics is a scientific discipline that applies the laws of physics and chemistry to understand the nature, origin, development, and future of the universe and its celestial objects. This field has examined the processes from birth to death of of the stars, planets, galaxies, clouds' and other cosmic structures. While Astronomy focuses on measuring the positions, motions and brightnesses of celestial objects, astrophysics has developed theories to explain the physical properties of these ob
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Aykut Laçın

Voyager Golden Records are audio and visual recordings placed on the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecraft by NASA in 1977. These records, each a information disc, contain fundamental information about World and humanity, designed to enable communication should the spacecraft encounter other civilizations. Each recording consists of a 30 cm diameter copper disc coated with gold, containing a diverse collection of sounds, music and images place that represent Earth’s cultures and the diversity of hu
ENElyesa Köseoğlu

Space resources refer to the utilization of natural materials found on the Moon, asteroids, Mars, and other celestial bodies, as well as the physical conditions of the space environment, for the production of products and services in support of space missions. The primary objective of this field is to reduce dependence on consumables transported from Earth and to mitigate the logistical vulnerability of long-duration operations. In practice, space resources encompass a broad range of technologie
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Ömer Said Aydın
AnAntenna The Antennae Galaxies hold a prominent place in the astronomical community among colliding galaxies important as a place key example. Located approximately 45 million light years from World, in the Crow Corvus constellation, this system system reveals the ongoing merger of two spiral galaxies. Galaxy Mergers are critical to the structural evolution of the universe, contributing to the formation of large-scale structures on cosmic scales by increasing the rate of star formation. Artificia
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Osman Özbay

The Cat’s Eye Nebula (NGC 6543) is a planetary nebula located approximately 3,300 light-years from Earth in the constellation Draco. It is renowned for its highly complex structure. Image of the Cat’s Eye Nebula generated by Artificial Intelligence. " image-element-format="right" image-source="https://cdn.t3pedia.org/media/uploads/2025/04/25/SYxr8kam7KxCq13VL7MeQbOEfCHpsWh3.png"> First discovered in 1786 by William Herschel, this nebula has attracted significant scientific interest due to hig
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Osman Özbay

NGC 6822, commonly known as Barnard’s Galaxy, is one of the irregular dwarf galaxies belonging to the Local Group. Discovered in 1884 by American astronomer Edward Emerson Barnard, this celestial object is a low-mass and low-luminosity system, unlike the larger members of the Local Group such as Andromeda and Triangulum. Due to its relative proximity to the Milky Way and its structural characteristics, NGC 6822 holds potential for shedding light on the early stages of galaxy formation and evolut
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Osman Özbay

The Sun is the source of everything on Earth. Our light, our heat, our seasons—all are made possible by the Sun’s steady luminosity. But a major question arises in the mind: What happens when the Sun one day dies? First, it is essential to understand: The Sun is not a star capable of exploding like a supernova. The reason is its relatively small mass. Supernova explosions occur only in massive stars with at least eight to ten times the mass of the Sun. Therefore, the Sun’s fate is not to explode
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Aykut Laçın

Unity 25, conducted by Virgin Galactic on May 25, 2023, was the company’s final crewed test flight before the start of commercial space travel. As the 25th flight of the VSS Unity spaceplane, the mission was named “Unity 25.” This operation held significant value for validating technical systems and astronaut training. Additionally, the mission symbolized inclusivity and diversity, with crew members representing various technical and cultural backgrounds. Mission Objectives The main objectives o
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Hikmet Can Urhan