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The autokinetic effect experiment is based on an optical illusion in which a stationary point of light in complete darkness appears to move slowly due to natural micro-movements of the eye muscles. Muzafer Sherif (1935) studied this phenomenon in the laboratory at Columbia University and observed that individual estimates under isolated conditions showed a wide distribution (2–20 inches) and high uncertainty, but when judgments were made in groups, estimates rapidly converged toward a shared nor