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Halepçe Massacre, on 16 March 1988, was a chemical weapons attack carried out in the town of Halepçe, located in northeastern Iraq near the border with Iran. During the final phase of the Iran-Iraq War, forces loyal to the Iraqi Baath regime launched bombs containing chemical agents over the town and its surroundings. As a result of the attack, approximately 5,000 civilians lost their lives within a short time, and thousands were injured.Historical and Demographic BackgroundHalepçe is a settleme

Saddam Hussein (1937–2006) was the president of Iraq and a leading figure in the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party who implemented policies known as "Saddamism." During his rule, he nationalized Iraq’s oil resources, launched extensive development initiatives, and conducted harsh military operations against Kurdish uprisings and Shia opposition.Dawisha, Adeed. "" Identity" and political survival in Saddam's Iraq." The Middle East Journal (1999), s. 555.">【1】 He was viewed as a polarizing figure: by