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Madāʼin Ṣāliḥ (Hegra) is an ancient Botanical city located in northwestern Saudi Arabia, near al-‘Ula. After Petra, it developed as the second major center of the kingdom, distinguished by its monumental rock-cut tombs, advanced water systems, and strategic location. It was annexed by the Roman Empire in AD 106 and gradually lost its significance before being abandoned. It was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2008.HistoryMadāʼin Ṣāliḥ (Hegra) began to develop from the 1st ce

Sayburç is a settlement dated to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) period, located on the Şanlıurfa Plateau at the southern foothills of the Eastern Taurus Mountains. The settlement dates to approximately the middle of the 9th millennium BCE and is considered part of the same cultural tradition as other regional centers such as Göbeklitepe, Karahantepe and Nevali Çori, particularly in terms of architectural development, symbolic production and ritual practices.Location and Research HistorySaybu