
Precipitation hardening is a heat treatment method used to enhance the mechanical properties of alloys. This technique is based on the principle of forming second-phase particles (precipitates) within the alloy matrix by first dissolving the alloy at high temperature, rapidly quenching it (e.g., in water), and then holding it at a specific temperature (aging). Precipitates significantly increase the material’s yield and tensile strength by impeding dislocation motion during deformation. Historic
ENMuzaffer Yalçın

An electric circuit is a system formed by connecting various circuit elements—such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits—in a specific arrangement to ensure that electric current follows a defined path in a controlled manner. These systems enable the transmission, conversion, and, when necessary, control of electrical energy from a source to a target point. Fundamentally, an electric circuit involves the regulation of the phenomenon of electricity, whi
EN
Ömer Said Aydın

In the final period of the Ottoman Empire and during the establishment of the Republic, Ahmet Akif Bey, who was active in politics, trade and agriculture, served as a member of parliament for Batum in the first term of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye. Originally from a family rooted in Upper Adjara, Akif Bey engaged in trade after completing his madrasa education and participated in resistance activities in regions under occupation after the First World War. During his parliamentary term,
EN
Yunus Emre Sağlam

In societies, people’s spoken words do not always align with their true thoughts when faced with an oppressive authority. In environments dominated by a powerful political or social figure, the behavior exhibited in their presence can differ significantly from the views expressed when they are absent. Often, individuals suppress their genuine feelings and choose to conform to the expectations of the system or its leader. This behavior arises not only from fear but also as a strategy for survival
EN
Edanur Karakoç

I entered the West Bank from East Jerusalem, getting into my car; for some, this was a separation, for others, a passage right beside the security barrier, through the Qalandiya checkpoint. This area is ownerless, uncontrolled. Dozens of shops, utterly different from one another, stretch along this road all the way to the heart of Ramallah. Yellow minibuses, carrying people to every corner of Palestine, race against each other. If you slow down on this road, you will see children with bare feet,
EN
Fatih Er

It Must Be Heaven, directed by Palestinian filmmaker Elia Suleiman and starring himself, is a 2019 film that continues the director’s signature silent humor while questioning the meaning of being Palestinian within a global context. Through a journey from Nazareth to Paris and New York, the film explores universal feelings of alienation centered on themes of “statelessness,” “identity,” and “exile.” Through silence, static compositions, and an observational protagonist, the film presents both a
EN
Neriman Sena Külünk

One of the greatest misconceptions about the psychotherapy process is the belief that the therapy room must constantly overflow with words, confessions, and heated dialogue. Yet everyone who steps into that room knows that sometimes the most powerful sentences are not those spoken aloud, but the deep silences that settle like mist in the center of the room. A person sitting in the client’s chair being silent does not mean they have nothing to say. On the contrary, sometimes the weight of words b
EN
Nida Üstün

Human beings occupy in the universe a space equal to the volume of their own emptiness. But some spirits fill that emptiness with such a sharp, unyielding seepage that even the silence left behind becomes a roaring river. Nilgün Marmara was one of those delicate and unyielding voices who treated this planet as a two-step lodging and watched its backyards early on, choosing departure as an act of will to preserve her own truth. Her poetry is a spiritual journey that wanders at the limits of endur
EN
Nursena Şahin

Inductors, also known as coils, are fundamental passive components in electrical and electronic systems that play a vital role in various applications through functions such as magnetic field generation and energy storage. Definition An inductor or coil is a passive electronic component used in electrical circuits to generate a magnetic field. It is typically constructed by winding an insulated conductive wire in a specific pattern. When an electric current flows through the coil, a magnetic fie
EN
Zehra Yayla

First Intifada, which began on 8 December 1987 after an Israeli truck driver drove his vehicle into a car carrying Palestinian workers near the Beit Hanun (Erez) checkpoint in northern Gaza Strip, resulting in the deaths of four Palestinian workers, was a widespread popular uprising that quickly spread from Gaza to the West Bank and East Jerusalem. This process, which started in the final days of 1987, constituted a prolonged uprising characterized by mass participation in civil resistance, demo
EN
Nurten Yalçın