
Precipitation hardening is a heat treatment method used to enhance the mechanical properties of alloys. This technique is based on the principle of forming second-phase particles (precipitates) within the alloy matrix by first dissolving the alloy at high temperature, rapidly quenching it (e.g., in water), and then holding it at a specific temperature (aging).Precipitates significantly increase the material’s yield and tensile strength by impeding dislocation motion during deformation.Historical
ENMuzaffer Yalçın

I entered the West Bank from East Jerusalem, getting into my car; for some, this was a separation, for others, a passage right beside the security barrier, through the Qalandiya checkpoint.This area is ownerless, uncontrolled. Dozens of shops, utterly different from one another, stretch along this road all the way to the heart of Ramallah. Yellow minibuses, carrying people to every corner of Palestine, race against each other.If you slow down on this road, you will see children with bare feet, s
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Fatih Er

An electric circuit is a system formed by connecting various circuit elements—such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits—in a specific arrangement to ensure that electric current follows a defined path in a controlled manner. These systems enable the transmission, conversion, and, when necessary, control of electrical energy from a source to a target point. Fundamentally, an electric circuit involves the regulation of the phenomenon of electricity, whi
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Ömer Said Aydın

In the final period of the Ottoman Empire and during the establishment of the Republic, Ahmet Akif Bey, who was active in politics, trade and agriculture, served as a member of parliament for Batum in the first term of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye. Originally from a family rooted in Upper Adjara, Akif Bey engaged in trade after completing his madrasa education and participated in resistance activities in regions under occupation after the First World War. During his parliamentary term,
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Yunus Emre Sağlam

It Must Be Heaven, directed by Palestinian filmmaker Elia Suleiman and starring himself, is a 2019 film that continues the director’s signature silent humor while questioning the meaning of being Palestinian within a global context.Through a journey from Nazareth to Paris and New York, the film explores universal feelings of alienation centered on themes of “statelessness,” “identity,” and “exile.” Through silence, static compositions, and an observational protagonist, the film presents both a p
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Neriman Sena Külünk

In societies, people’s spoken words do not always align with their true thoughts when faced with an oppressive authority. In environments dominated by a powerful political or social figure, the behavior exhibited in their presence can differ significantly from the views expressed when they are absent. Often, individuals suppress their genuine feelings and choose to conform to the expectations of the system or its leader. This behavior arises not only from fear but also as a strategy for survival
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Edanur Karakoç

Parasite, directed by South Korean filmmaker Bong Joon-ho and released in 2019, has emerged as one of the most significant films in contemporary cinema in its exploration of class relations. The film won the Palme d’Or at the 2019 Cannes Film Festival and, at the 2020 Academy Awards, became the first non-English language film to win the award for Best Picture.【1】Blending black comedy, thriller, and drama, the film critically examines class inequality in modern capitalist society through the lens
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Bengisu Sağlam
WiFirst I would want to face the wind;Right in the heart of that immense roar,Standing firm,To plunge into a ruthless struggle.All that has accumulated inside me, unnamed—Ownerless angers, broken voices—I would want to clench them all like a fistAnd drive them into the wind’s chest;Chest to chest,Like an inescapable reckoning.My aim is not to be swept away;I have come to confront what sweeps.At every gust my inner resistance is known,At every blow my stance takes root;In that thin space between su
ENEsmanur Aykut

A multimeter is an electronic tool that allows us to measure the values of electronic components and access information about specific parameters. Multimeters typically enable us to measure current, tension, resistance and like quantities. Today, there are two types of multimeters: analog and Digital. Newer generations are produced primarily in digital form. Due to advances in technology and evolving needs, multimeters have gained the ability to measure additional parameters beyond the standard
ENHavva Metin

Kuvayi Milliye – Poems 3 is a collection of poems written by the Turkish writer and poet Nazım Hikmet Ran. The work consists of four sections, each containing poems on different themes and from different periods. One section, particularly the Kuvayi Milliye Epic, focuses on the founding process of the Republic of Türkiye and the period of the War of Independence, while the other sections explore themes related to the post-war era, social life, and individual sensitivities.ContentThe first sectio
ENElyesa Köseoğlu