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Proclamation of the Republic On 29 October 1923, the Türkiye Republic was officially proclaimed. A republic is a system of government in which the people elect their own leaders. In this system, the state is governed by laws consistent with the constitution and through representatives chosen by the people. War of Independence and Sovereignty Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the First World War, Mustafa Kemal Paşa landed in Samsun on 19 May 1919 and launched the War of Independence,

Republic Day of Kazakhstan (Қазақстан Республика күні) is a national holiday symbolizing the sovereignty of the country and is celebrated annually on 25 October. The date commemorates the adoption of the “Declaration of Sovereignty” on 25 October 1990, which initiated the transition from the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic to the independent Republic of Kazakhstan; this date is officially recognized as a state holiday. The Declaration emphasizes that, according to Article 1 of the 1995 Constitu