
Electra complex is one of the key concepts in psychoanalytic theory. It describes the intense emotional attachment of a girl to her father and her perception of her mother as a rival. This concept is regarded as an extension of Sigmund Freud’s Oedipus complex and was developed by Carl Gustav Jung.Origin and ConceptualizationThe term derives from the figure of Electra in ancient Greek mythology. According to myth, Electra harbored intense hatred toward her mother Clytemnestra after Clytemnestra a
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Elif Laçin
ToThe Topographic Theory, one of the early works of psychoanalytic theory founder Sigmund Freud, divides the human mind into three fundamental levels: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. This theory presents a model to explain how mental processes and information are organized at different levels of awareness and how they interact with each other. Freud viewed this structure as a map where various mental contents—such as remembered experiences, unconscious drives, and repressed thoughts—are
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Muhammed Samed Acar

Psychological defense mechanisms are psychological strategies that individuals typically use unconsciously to cope with unwanted or anxiety-provoking thoughts, emotions, and impulses. These mechanisms serve to protect the individual’s self-esteem and psychological integrity and to alleviate painful feelings such as anxiety, guilt, shame, and humiliation. They are usually automatic, habitual responses that operate outside the individual’s awareness.Historical Development and Theoretical Foundatio
ENYunus Emre Yüce
ThMoral Development Theories are a set of cognitive and psychological approaches that aim to explain how individuals develop and change their ability to distinguish right from wrong, make moral judgments, and act in accordance with those judgments over time. These theories examine the origins of morality, its developmental stages, and the individual, social, and cultural factors that influence this process. Moral development is the process through which an individual constructs a system of values
ENYunus Emre Yüce