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The eighth presidential election in Croatia began with the first round on 29 December 2024 and concluded with the second round on 12 January 2025. At the end of the process, incumbent President Zoran Milanović, supported by the Social Democratic Party (SDP), was re-elected president for a second term with 74.66 percent of the vote against his opponent Dragan Primorac. The elections have become a significant topic in Croatia’s political and social agenda and have attracted international attention

Presidential Awards for Culture and Art are official honors awarded annually since 1995 by the Republic of Türkiye on behalf of the state to individuals and institutions distinguished for their services and contributions in the fields of culture, art, and science. The awards are given in areas such as literature, music, cinema, painting and visual arts, architecture, caricature, digital art, science, history, and culture.Legal Basis and RegulationsInitial Regulation (1995)The Presidential Awards

Steven Sadettin Saran was elected the 38th president of Fenerbahçe Sports Club on 21 September 2025, receiving 12,325 votes at the extraordinary general assembly.Election ProcessThe extraordinary general assembly of Fenerbahçe Club was held on the land adjacent to the Chobani Stadium, formerly the site of the Kenan Evren High School. A total of 49,268 members had the right to vote, and 24,732 members cast their ballots. Of the 24,393 valid votes counted, Sadettin Saran received 12,325 votes whil

CIMER, which stands for the Presidency Communication Center, is a digital communication platform established to provide direct access for citizens of the Republic of Türkiye to public institutions. It operates under the Presidency of Communication of the Republic of Türkiye. Developed with the concept of participatory democracy, this system enables citizens to directly convey their complaints, requests, information needs, suggestions and opinions to the administration.Establishment and Legal Bas

Presidency of Defense Industries (PDI) is a central institution under the Presidency of Türkiye tasked with meeting Türkiye’s defense and security needs through domestic and national capabilities, developing the defense industry, and ensuring the modernization of the Turkish Armed Forces. The institutional structuring of Türkiye’s defense industry began in 1985 with the aim of establishing a modern defense industry and modernizing the Turkish Armed Forces. Under this framework, the Directorate o

James Knox Polk was born on November 2, 1795, in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, to Samuel and Jane Knox Polk. His family migrated to Tennessee in 1806 in search of better economic opportunities, a move that played a significant role in shaping Polk’s childhood and youth. During his early years, he suffered serious health problems and was educated at home. However, after undergoing a difficult surgical procedure, his health improved and he was able to focus on his academic pursuits. In 1818,

Zachary Taylor was born on November 24, 1784, in Virginia. Shortly after his birth, his family moved to Kentucky, where Taylor grew up on a plantation near Louisville. His father, Richard Taylor, was an officer who served in the American Revolution, and by 1800 the family had become part of the wealthy planter class in Kentucky, owning 10,000 acres of land and numerous enslaved people. Taylor did not receive a formal education during childhood; instead, he turned early toward a military career.

Andrew Johnson was born on December 29, 1808, in Raleigh, North Carolina, into a poor family. After his father Jacob Johnson died in 1812, the family fell into even harder circumstances. At the age of thirteen, he was apprenticed to tailor James Selby; however, he escaped from this apprenticeship in 1824. For several years he worked as a traveling tailor in South Carolina and Tennessee. In 1826 he settled in Greeneville, Tennessee, where he opened a tailoring shop and married Eliza McCardle in 1

Ronald Wilson Reagan was born on February 6, 1911, in the town of Tampico, Illinois. His father, John Reagan, worked as a shoe salesman, while his mother, Nelle Reagan, played a central role in instilling religious and moral values in the family. Reagan spent his childhood and formative years in the city of Dixon, where he attended Dixon High School, played football, and participated in theater activities.He enrolled at Eureka College, where he studied economics and sociology. During his college

James Earl Carter Jr. was born on October 1, 1924, in the town of Plains, located in Sumter County, Georgia. His father, James Earl Carter Sr., was a businessman engaged in farming and small-scale commerce, while his mother, Lillian Gordy Carter, was a public servant and professional nurse. Carter spent his childhood in a small community called Archery. Although his family adhered to the traditional Southern norms of the time, his mother’s sensitivity to social issues and progressive outlook had