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Alzheimer disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive and irreversible decline in cognitive functions, primarily affecting memory. During the disease process, neuronal loss and synaptic dysfunction develop in various brain regions, especially the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, leading to a gradual reduction in cognitive and functional capacity over time.Epidemiology and PrevalenceAlzheimer disease is the most common cause of dementia, and its prevalence increas

Trikotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by the repetitive and uncontrollable pulling of hair from the scalp or other body regions. This condition typically begins during adolescence and can lead to significant impairments in psychosocial functioning. The hair-pulling behavior is not limited to the scalp but may also affect eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, and other body areas. The behavior is triggered by an immediate sense of tension, followed by tempo

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder characterized by disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior, significantly impairing an individual’s perception of reality.EpidemiologySchizophrenia is a disorder with similar prevalence rates worldwide. The lifetime prevalence is approximately 1% of the population. However, this rate can rise to as high as 1.5% in urban areas. Onset typically occurs between ages 15 and 25 in men and between 25 and 35 in women, with women often experi