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Hark Island is the primary energy terminal and logistics hub located off the coast of Bushehr Province in Iran, in the Persian Gulf, through which the majority of the country’s crude oil exports are conducted.Geographical Location and Physical CharacteristicsHark Island occupies a strategic position in the Persian Gulf, off the coast of mainland Iran. It lies approximately 30 kilometers from the Iranian mainland and about 55 kilometers from Bushehr Port. With an area ranging between 20 and 22 sq

Pipeline transportation is a critical transport system that enables the economic, fast and reliable movement of energy resources. It is a mode of transport used for the conveyance of crude oil, natural gas, gas, gasoline, and diesel like. It was pioneered in the late 19th century by Vladimir Shukhov and Branobel (the Nobel Brothers). This method method is effective in transporting large volumes of oil and natural gas economically to other regions. Pipelines can also be constructed underwater; ex

ALTURA crude oil tanker attack is a maritime attack reported to have occurred on 26 March 2026 in the Black Sea approximately 14 nautical miles from the Bosporus Strait, targeting a Turkish-operated crude oil tanker. The attack is said to have involved an external explosion directed at the ship’s engine room, with no casualties or injuries reported. Following the attack, the tanker was anchored off Kilyos, north of Istanbul, under security precautions.Vessel and Voyage InformationThe tanker name

Batman is one of the rapidly developing cities in Türkiye’s Southeastern Anatolia Region. Located in the basin between the Tigris River and its tributaries, the Batman and Garzan streams, the province attracts attention for both its historical richness and industry potential. Due to its fertile lands part of Mesopotamia, it has been home to numerous civilizations throughout history and holds significant cultural heritage, particularly through its Hasankeyf like historical settlements.Industriali

Drilling technology encompasses the methods, equipment, and processes used to bore holes into the Earth’s crust for the purpose of exploring, researching, evaluating, and extracting subsurface resources. This technology serves as a fundamental tool for identifying, extracting, and sustainably managing resources such as oil, natural gas, water, minerals, and geothermal energy. Supported by geological research and engineering knowledge, drilling operations play a critical role across a wide spectr

Fossil fuels are non-renewable natural energy sources formed through the chemical transformation of remains of living organisms such as plants and animals that lived millions of years ago, under high pressure and temperature in an oxygen-free environment beneath the Earth’s crust. These fuels are rich in carbon and hydrocarbons. Since they release large amounts of energy when burned, they have become the primary energy source of the modern world since the Industrial Revolution. The most common a

Fossil fuels form when plants and animals that lived millions of years ago were compressed underground and gradually transformed into coal, oil, and natural gas. These fuels are like stored energy hidden deep within the Earth. But this energy can harm the environment.CoalCoal forms when vast forests that existed millions of years ago were buried underground and transformed over time into a hard, rock-like substance. The trees and plants in these forests, deprived of oxygen while submerged in mud

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has announced its decision to withdraw from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the OPEC+ framework, effective 1 May 2026. The UAE has been a member of OPEC since 1967 and is the fourth largest producer within the organization, producing approximately 3.4 million barrels of crude oil per day. The UAE’s departure is regarded as one of the largest producer exits in OPEC’s history.His

Volan is a specialized calculation and analysis method used to determine the location of resources such as oil and natural gas beneath the Earth’s surface. Volan analyses are conducted to identify which layers beneath the surface contain liquids or gases.How Does It Examine Subsurface Layers?Using the volan method, scientists calculate the degree of porosity—the amount of empty space within rocks—and determine what fills these spaces: water, oil, or gas. This enables researchers to decide which

10 April is an oil and gas exploration agreement signed between Türkiye and Somalia on 2025. Agreement envisages the initiation of oil and gas exploration and production activities in Somalia’s land land areas through Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı (TPAO), a state-owned entity of Turkish.Parties to the Agreement and Signing ProcessThe agreement was signed during a ceremony held in Ankara between Türkiye’s Minister of Energy and Natural Resources Alparslan Bayraktar and Somalia’s Minister of