
Mind is a concept that encompasses the entirety of a living being’s mental processes and activities such as thinking, perceiving, feeling, remembering, understanding, and consciousness. This term, of Arabic origin, constitutes one of the fundamental research subjects in many disciplines including philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science. The mind is a complex structure that shapes an individual’s inner world, guides behavior, and forms the foundation of social interactions. At
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Sümeyye Akkanat Terzioğlu

Brain-based learning is a holistic approach that redefines learning and teaching processes based on the biological, chemical, and functional properties of the brain. This approach argues that education must align with the brain’s operational principles, starting from the fact that learning occurs directly through the brain. It emphasizes that learning is not merely a cognitive activity but also an emotional, physical, and social process. Brain-based learning requires instructional design that ta
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Sevgi Kıraç

Psychological resilience refers to individuals’ ability to cope with stressful situations, trauma, crises, or difficulties. This concept is also known as psychological strength (resilience) and is closely associated with the capacity to restore emotional balance. While research indicates that a portion of resilience is linked to genetic predisposition, environmental factors and personal development significantly influence this trait.Factors Influencing Psychological ResilienceProblem-Solving Ski
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Nursena Şahin

The Invisible Brain is a popular science work written by Professor Dr. İsmail Tayfun Uzbay and published in 2020 by Destek Yayınları. The book aims to present current scientific questions about the functioning and functions of the brain in an accessible language to a broad readership. The author holds academic and clinical expertise in neuroscience as the Head of the Department of Medical Pharmacology at Üsküdar University Faculty of Medicine and Director of the Neuropsychopharmacology Applicati
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Hacer Büşra Aslan

David Eagleman’s book Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain examines the boundaries of consciousness, the scope of unconscious processes, and the neurological foundations underlying human behavior within the framework of modern neuroscience. The author argues that a significant portion of perception, decision-making, and response mechanisms in everyday life are carried out automatically by the brain, outside the awareness of the conscious subject.Author’s BackgroundDavid Eagleman is an Americ
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Azra Çiltepe
TiTime is measured objectively in physical terms through clocks, while simultaneously being experienced subjectively in human mental processes. The difference between the objective measurement of time and the brain’s perception of it is an important area of research in neuroscience. The brain’s perception of time is shaped by the interaction of various neurological structures and determined by a range of biological factors. Understanding time perception also contributes to our comprehension of how
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Mustafa Özdemir

The Hick-Hyman law is a psychological principle that predicts that as the number of options individuals face in decision-making processes increases, the time required to make a choice among those options increases linearly. This law emerged from the convergence of two independent studies: one conducted by William Edmund Hick in 1952 and another by Ray Hyman in 1953. Hick empirically supported this relationship, and over time, the law has become a key reference point in numerous fields including
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Hatice Mehlika Biten

Broca’s Brain (original title: Broca's Brain) is a popular science book written by American astronomer, astrophysicist and science communicator Carl Sagan. The book focuses on neuroscience brain research scientific thinking and human consciousness.Content and ThemesThe book examines the structure and function of the human brain and the processes of scientific thought. Major themes include:Brain and Consciousness: The anatomy functions and research on consciousness of the human brain are presente
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Osman Özbay
CaPhineas Gage Case is one of the foundational studies in the history of neuroscience and psychology, encompassing the brain injury sustained by a 19th-century railroad worker and the subsequent changes in his personality. The case provides one of the earliest and most well-known pieces of evidence regarding the role of the brain—particularly the frontal lobes—in personality, social behavior, and decision-making processes.Portrait of Gage Holding the Iron Rod That Injured Him (Sam Kean)Definition
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