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John Ray (1627–1705) was a naturalist renowned for his observations in botany and was referred to in his time as the “Father of Natural History.” Thanks to the language education he received at the University of Cambridge, he wrote his works in Latin, making them influential throughout Europe. Early Life and Education John Ray was born on November 29, 1627, in the village of Black Notley, Essex, England. His father was a blacksmith named Roger Ray, and his mother was Elizabeth Ray. He began his