
Parentification is a disrupted family interaction pattern in which a child assumes roles and responsibilities inappropriate for their developmental level and age in an attempt to meet the physical or emotional needs of their parents. In psychological and family systems literature, this concept, also known as role reversal, dissolution of intergenerational boundaries, or overburdened child, was first defined by Minuchin and colleagues under the term parent-child. 【1】 Later, representatives of con
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Nida Üstün

Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is a personality disorder characterized by a person's perception of themselves as extraordinarily valuable and important. This disorder manifests through an excessive need for admiration and approval, a lack of empathy, and a tendency to use others for personal gain. While NPD is listed in diagnostic guides like the DSM-IV-R (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), there are ongoing academic and clinical debates about its definition and cri
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Ahsen Buyurkan

One of the significant objects throughout human history, the ayna has always been regarded as a mesmerizing tool due to its reflective property. The ayna reflects the shape and appearance of objects by means of light reflection. In antiquity, it was an object crafted by polishing and refining metals such as bronze or copper and was considered a high-value item. Those unable to obtain one resorted to using the reflective property of water. With the introduction of glass in mirror production, its
ENMuhammed Emin Ortakuş