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Acids are characterized by their sour taste, their ability to dissolve metals, and their reaction with carbonate compounds to release carbon dioxide gas (CO₂). From a scientific perspective, the concept of the acid has been explained over time through different definitions. According to the Arrhenius definition, acids are substances that donate hydrogen ions (H⁺) or protons in aqueous solutions. The Brønsted–Lowry approach treats acids as proton-donating species. The more general Lewis definitio