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René Descartes (1596–1650) is widely regarded as the "Father of Modern Philosophy" due to his decisive break with the Scholastic-Aristotelian tradition and his development of a new philosophical and scientific frame. His methodological skepticism based on radical doubt aimed to establish a secure foundation for knowledge and culminated in the famous phrase "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am"). This approach not only shaped the trajectory of modern epistemology but also laid the foundat