OrOre analysis techniques are essential in the mining and metallurgy sectors for understanding the composition and properties of ores. These analyses provide valuable information at every stage, from the discovery of ore deposits to extraction, beneficiation, and metal production processes. Accurate characterization of ores is a fundamental step not only for increasing the efficiency of mining operations but also for minimizing environmental impacts and maximizing economic value. Classification an
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Aslı Öncan

Etibank is a state bank and economic state enterprise that operated in Türkiye between 1935-2001. It was established to operate Türkiye’s underground resources, produce minerals and energy needed by industry, raise capital for these activities, and provide banking services. Etibank, which was an important tool of nationalization policies in the early period of the Republic, played a role in the production of minerals such as coal, copper, chrome, sulfur, and boron, and contributed to energy prod
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Yunus Emre Sağlam

Elazığ is a province located at the heart of East Anatolia, distinguished by its rich history, cultural heritage, and natural beauty. In the past, this region served as a homeland to numerous civilizations including the Hittites, Urartians, Romans, and Byzantines, and has been known by various names throughout history; after being called Harput, Ma’muretü’l-Aziz, and Elaziz, it is now known as Elazığ. Modern’s economic structure is supported by sectors such as industry, agriculture, mining, and
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Kerem Akıl

Venezuela's Acting State President Delcy Rodriguez undertook a working visit to Türkiye on 8 June 2026 at the invitation of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. During the visit, the two leaders held bilateral and delegation-level talks at the Presidential Dolmabahçe Working Office in Istanbul. The talks addressed the development of bilateral relations between Türkiye and Venezuela, particularly in trade, energy, and mining. Background and Organization of the Visit Burhaneddin Duran, Director of the
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Edanur Karakoç
PrAs a result of peace negotiations between Russia and Ukraine, we have begun to hear frequently about a concept known as Rare Earth Elements (REE). What makes this concept so significant? Or is this issue truly worthy of such considerable attention? First, the term REE encompasses the lanthanides along with scandium and yttrium. Their applications are extremely broad, especially in everyday technological devices such as smartphones and automobiles, as well as in the transmission of renewable ener
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Abdullah Eymen Asru

Zonguldak is a province located in Türkiye’s Black Sea Region, known for its coal mining industry. It is bordered by Düzce and Bolu to the west, Karabük to the south, and Bartın to the east, with its northern boundary along the Black Sea coast. City of Zonguldak possesses Türkiye’s most significant bituminous coal reserves and has developed economically through industrial and mining activities. It also holds tourism potential due to its natural beauty, caves, and forested areas along the coastli
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Nazlı Kemerkaya

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency introduced in 2008 by an individual or group using the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto. Unlike traditional financial systems it is not controlled by any government or central authority. It provides secure transparent and immutable transactions through blockchain technology. Basic Working Principle of Bitcoin Bitcoin relies on a distributed ledger system called blockchain to record transactions. In this system: 1.Blockchain: All transactions are added to blo
ENRıza Demirel

The Zonguldak Mining Museum is a museum established in Zonguldak, one of Türkiye’s most important coal production centers, with the aim of documenting, promoting and transmitting the history of mining and mining activities to future generations. The museum presents visitors with a comprehensive view of Türkiye’s mining culture through its rich collections and exhibitions that shed light on the region’s mining history. Location and Access The museum is located in the city center of Zonguldak at a
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Sinem Bostan

Çayırhan Thermal Power Plant is a lignite-fired thermal power station located within the boundaries of the Nallıhan district of Ankara Province, 23 kilometers from Beypazarı and 120 kilometers from the capital Ankara. The plant was established by Türkiye Electricity Generation Corporation (EÜAŞ) and its operating rights were transferred to the private sector in 2000 through a privatization process, making it the first thermal power plant to be privatized in Türkiye. It is currently operated by P
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Neriman Çalışkan

Zonguldak Malay Dish is a filling dough-based dish traditionally prepared with corn and wheat flour, occupying a customary place on the tables of miners and the Black Sea region. It was granted “Geographical Indication” status on 7 August 2023 by the Zonguldak Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This study analyzes the historical origins, production method, nutritional value, geographical indication process, and cultural and socio-economic impacts of the dish. History and Geographical Indication P
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Rüya Dumlu