AnAndragogy is a subfield of educational science that examines the learning processes of adult individuals and aims to develop teaching methods suitable for their cognitive, emotional, and social characteristics. The term derives from the Ancient Greek words aner (adult man/human) and agogos (guide, leader), literally meaning “the education of adults” or “guidance for adults.” Conceptually, it refers to an educational approach that guides adults in acquiring knowledge and skills through self-direc
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The flipped classroom model is a student-centered pedagogical approach in which the traditional sequence of in-class instruction and out-of-class homework and practice is reversed in terms of time and place.【1】In this model, basic knowledge transmission is conducted outside the classroom through various technological materials and digital tools, while in-class time is dedicated to developing higher-order cognitive skills such as discussion, problem solving, analysis, and application. In the lite
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