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Attacks on the South Pars Natural Gas Field are a series of military strikes targeting the South Pars natural gas field and its associated refineries and energy facilities located in the Asaluyeh energy zone along the coast of the Persian Gulf in southern Iran. These attacks occurred during the third week of the US-Israel-Iran conflict and constituted a significant development affecting regional energy infrastructure.Characteristics and Importance of the South Pars Natural Gas FieldGeographical

Hark Island is the primary energy terminal and logistics hub located off the coast of Bushehr Province in Iran, in the Persian Gulf, through which the majority of the country’s crude oil exports are conducted.Geographical Location and Physical CharacteristicsHark Island occupies a strategic position in the Persian Gulf, off the coast of mainland Iran. It lies approximately 30 kilometers from the Iranian mainland and about 55 kilometers from Bushehr Port. With an area ranging between 20 and 22 sq

Attack on Sepah Bank of Iran (2026) is an incident that occurred on 11 March 2026 when a building belonging to Sepah Bank in Tehran was targeted by a missile strike during military operations conducted by the United States and Israel against Iran. As a result of the attack, significant damage was inflicted on some of the bank’s facilities, several bank employees were reported killed, and the Iranian government condemned the strike as a “unlawful act of war” and issued a threat of retaliation.Bac

Fettah-1 is Iran's first hypersonic medium-range ballistic missile, developed by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force (IRGC AF) and officially unveiled at a ceremony in Tehran on June 6, 2023.【1】 Evaluated as capable of influencing regional military balances, Fettah-1 features a mechanism that allows it to change direction during different phases of flight, unlike traditional ballistic missiles that follow a fixed parabolic trajectory.Fettah-1 Hypersonic Missile Technical Specif

Iran Protests (December 2025) are a series of economic-based protests and demonstrations that began on 28 December 2025 following a record depreciation of Iran’s national currency, the rial, against the US dollar, and spread across various cities of the country, primarily Tehran, between 28–31 December 2025. The protests initially started with shopkeepers and merchants closing their businesses and shutting their shutters. In the following days, they expanded to include participation from univers

Submarine Attack on IRIS Dena Frigate (2026) is a naval attack that resulted in the sinking of the Iranian Navy frigate IRIS Dena by torpedo on 4 March 2026 off the southern coast of Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean.The incident occurred off the coast of Galle in southern Sri Lanka. U.S. officials have stated that the attack was carried out by a U.S. Navy submarine using a Mark 48 torpedo.At the time of the attack, approximately 180 crew members were on board. According to Sri Lankan authorities co

Mujtaba Husayni Khamenei (Persian: سید مجتبی حسینی خامنه‌ای) is an Iranian cleric born on 17 September 1969 in Mashhad. He is the second son of Ali Khamenei, the second religious leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Although he holds no official state position within Iran’s political structure, he is recognized as an influential figure in the country’s governance. He has been mentioned as one of the potential candidates for succession to the position of Iran’s religious leadership.Family and

US-Iran-Israel Conflict (2026) is a military confrontation that began on 28 February 2026 with Israel’s attacks against Iran, following a surge in tensions between Iran and the United States in February 2026.On 28 February 2026, Israel announced it had launched a “preventive strike” against Iran. Israeli Defense Minister Yisrael Katz stated in his announcement that the operation was carried out to eliminate threats directed at Israel. Katz declared a state of emergency across the country and emp

Iran is a state occupying the West Asia region and historically, culturally, politically, and economically one of the most important countries in the area. Officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran, country is one of the most populous countries in Middle East with a population of approximately 89.5 million. With a total area of 1,648,000 km², Iran shares land borders with Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, Iraq and Türkiye to the west, and Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan to the no

The Treaty of Turkmenchay is a peace agreement signed on 10 February 1828 between the Russian Empire and Iran’s Qajar Dynasty following the Russo-Persian War of 1826–1828.Cause of the TreatyThe Russo-Persian War was part of Iran’s struggle for control over its Russia with soil. The war began in 1826 when the Russian Empire launched a military campaign against Iran.Russia sought to expand its influence in Iranian territories and strengthen its dominance particularly in the Caucasus region. Iran r