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Gas masks are personal protective equipment designed to protect the respiratory system against harmful gases, vapors, particulates, and chemical substances. Initially developed for military purposes, these devices today have a wide range of applications, from industrial manufacturing to the healthcare sector. Historical Development The origin of the gas mask dates back to Ancient Greece, where sailors would use sponges in their mouths to shield themselves from harmful gases. The first modern gas

Located in northwestern Italy, approximately 20 kilometers north of Milan, the town of Seveso became internationally known following an industrial accident in 1976 that had serious environmental and health consequences. On 10 July 1976, an uncontrolled reaction occurred in a reactor at a facility owned by the chemical company ICMESA near Seveso, during the production of trichlorophenol (TCP), resulting in a toxic gas leak. The white gas cloud released into the atmosphere after the explosion cont