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The greenhouse effect is the process by which certain gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap energy from the Sun, maintaining the planet’s temperature at a balanced level. When sunlight reaches Earth’s surface, it warms the land. As the surface heats up, it re-radiates this heat back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere absorb a portion of this radiation and re-emit it back toward Earth, thereby preserving heat. Thanks to this natural process, Earth remains wit

The climate of the world exhibits highly variable temperature values across different geographic regions. The lowest temperature ever recorded was -89.2°C in eastern Antarctica. This extreme cold is so dangerous that it would make it impossible for a human to remain outdoors for even a few minutes. On the other hand, an extreme heat of 70.7°C detected in Iran’s Lut Desert in 2005 creates a lethal environment for any form of life. Even these extreme values are kept within limits thanks to the pro