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The First Crusade was a military campaign shaped by religious and political objectives, spanning from Europe to Middle East in the late 11th century. This Jerusalem, aimed at reclaiming Jerusalem from Muslim control, was a process filled with pilgrimages, battles, and massacres against the Muslim population. In its aftermath, conflicts with the Seljuk Turks altered the regional power balance.Background and Causes of the CrusadeThe First Crusade emerged as a consequence of the religious, politica

Diyarbakır Ulu Camii is one of the oldest mosques in Anatolia and the largest among the historic mosques in the city. Although its exact construction date is unknown, it was established after the Islamic conquest of the city in 639 CE during the reign of Caliph Umar, when the largest church of the settlement, the Mar Toma Church, was converted into a mosque. In the Islamic world, it is regarded as the fifth Harem-i Şerif (Holy Sanctuary), following Kaaba, Mescid-i Nebevi, Al-Aqsa Mosque and Dama