`grand-national-assembly-of-turkiye` Related Article Results

Abdullah Hilmi Tunalı, known as Tunalı Hilmi Bey, gained prominence during the transition from the late Ottoman Empire to the early years of the Republic through his political and social activities. Born on 28 August 1871 in the town of Eski Cuma (Targovişte) in Bulgaria, then part of the Ottoman territories, Tunalı Hilmi migrated with his family to Istanbul after the 1877–78 Russo-Turkish War, began his education in Üsküdar, and became involved in political activities by joining the Young Turk

The Independence Medal is an official state decoration established to be awarded to military and civilian individuals who rendered distinguished service during the Turkish War of Independence, as well as to the families of those who died as martyrs during the National Struggle. It is the only medal awarded during the founding process of the Republic of Türkiye and is regulated by a special law.Independence Medal (AA)" image-alternate="" image-element-format="right">Reason and Scope of AwardTh

Ahmet Rifat Bey (Çalıka) was a politician who served during the late Ottoman and early Republican periods, born in 1873. Following the proclamation of the Second Constitutional Era, he was elected as a deputy from Elazığ to the Chamber of Deputies (Meclis-i Mebûsan), and after the declaration of the Republic, he served as a member of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye for its first, second, and third terms representing Elazığ. Throughout his political career, he participated in religious and

Mavi Vatan Law is a legislative initiative aimed at regulating Türkiye’s sovereignty rights over its maritime jurisdictional areas, maritime security policies, and applications concerning international maritime law within a comprehensive legal framework.It is stated that the regulation, prepared by the Justice and Development Party, aims to provide legal assurance for Türkiye’s rights and interests in the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and Aegean Sea. It is indicated that the draft law is planned

The Treaty of Moscow, signed on 16 March 1921 between the Government of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) acting on behalf of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, is an international agreement that defined Türkiye’s northeastern borders and resolved boundary issues in the Caucasus region. This treaty is regarded as one of the first international successes of the TBMM during the War of Independence. It also marked a diplomatic

The 28th Term, Second Session Election of the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye is one of the Speaker elections conducted by the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye in accordance with the Constitution and the Internal Regulations during its legislative terms; it was initiated following the expiration of the term of the incumbent Speaker, Numan Kurtulmuş. As a result of the election, Numan Kurtulmuş was re-elected as Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye.Reason for the

Zeynel Abidin Bayhan was a politician, lawyer, and organizer who held active roles during the Second Constitutional Era and the National Struggle. Born in 1869 in Niğde, he spent many years working in the justice system before transitioning to legal practice and politics. He joined the Committee of Union and Progress, served in the Society for the Defense of Rights and as a member of the First Term of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye. He was also one of the founders of the Niğde Farmers an

National Solidarity, Brotherhood and Democracy Commission is a 51-member parliamentary commission established under the umbrella of the Grand National Assembly of Türkiye (TBMM) with the objective of "Turkey without Terrorism", aiming to strengthen social cohesion, national solidarity and brotherhood. The commission held its first meeting on 5 August 2025 under the chairmanship of TBMM President Numan Kurtulmuş.Establishment Process and ObjectiveThe commission was established within the framewor

The Need for a National Voice In early 1921, the War of Independence was raging across every corner of Anatolia. While the Turkish army fought a fierce battle on the front lines, there was a pressing need for a unifying anthem that would strengthen the resolve of the people and soldiers and solidify their belief in independence. To this end, the Ministry of National Education (Maarif Vekaleti) launched a competition on 18 September 1920. The terms of the competition were announced in newspapers: