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The 2025 tariffs are a series of measures initiated by President Donald Trump of the United States of America (USA) that have significantly influenced international trade policies. Implemented at the beginning of 2025, these tariffs were announced on grounds of national security, reducing the trade deficit, protecting domestic production, and combating law smuggling and migration trafficking narcotic. These tariffs have affected Türkiye’s largest trading partners including Canada, Mexico, China,

United States and Iran reached an agreement on 14 June 2026, which was signed on 17 June 2026 under the mediation of Pakistan, known as the Islamabad Accord. By 7 July 2026, the agreement had effectively collapsed. Immediately after the end of the one-week ceasefire stipulated in the accord, U.S. officials reported that the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps had struck two commercial vessels passing through the Strait of Hormuz with missiles. On the same day, the Qatari oil tanker Al-Rekayyat was

Brazil (Officially the Federative Republic of Brazil)Federal Republic is a country located in South America with its capital in Brasília.T.C. Ministry of Trade, Brazil Country Profile-2025 (Ankara: T.C. Ministry of Trade, 2025), 3. Access Date: June 22, 2026.https://www.aso.org.tr/uploads/ortam/Brezilya%20%C3%9Clke%20Profili-2025.docx.pdf ">【1】 With an area of 8,547,400 square kilometers, it is the fifth largest country in the world. Marine Corps Intelligence Activity, Brazil Country Handbook

G7 Leaders Summit will be held in Évian-les-Bains, France, from 15 to 17 June 2026. The summit, which brings together the world’s advanced economies, is expected to address global economic issues, international security, energy supply, climate change, trade policies, artificial intelligence technologies, and ongoing regional conflicts. The summit is taking place against the backdrop of recent developments in the Middle East, the Russia-Ukraine war, and global economic challenges. The French gove

Eric J. Hobsbawm’s The Age of Capital: 1848-1875 analyzes the transformation of Europe during the rise of industrialization and capitalism. Focusing on the economic, social, and political changes that shaped the world after the French Revolution and the 1848 revolutions, the book examines the emergence of capitalism as a global system and the profound transformations it triggered in historical context. Hobsbawm portrays this period not only as an era of economic growth but also as one marked by

In today’s global economy, conducting trade in accordance with ethical standards is increasingly gaining importance. Fair trade is an approach that promotes sustainable economic growth by protecting the rights of producers and workers. This system aims to ensure that producers and farmers in developing countries gain access to markets at fair prices. Fair trade is a system designed to provide disadvantaged producers working under difficult conditions in developing countries with access to market

In today’s global economy, conducting trade in accordance with ethical standards is increasingly gaining importance. Fair trade is an approach that promotes sustainable economic growth by protecting the rights of producers and workers. This system aims to ensure that small-scale producers and farmers in developing countries gain access to markets at fair prices. Fair trade is a system designed to provide disadvantaged producers operating under difficult conditions in developing countries with ma

Zoonosis or zoonotic disease is derived from the Greek words “zoon” (animal) and “nosos” (disease). According to the terminology defined by the World Health Organization, zoonoses refer to any infection or disease that can be naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans. Current medical data indicate that more than 200 types of zoonotic diseases have been identified in nature.【1】 Approximately 60 percent of pathogens affecting humans originate from animals. It is reported that abo

The Big Mac Index, developed by The Economist magazine in 1986, is an economic tool designed to assess the relationship between exchange rates and the cost of living across different countries. Named after the globally recognized Big Mac hamburger from McDonald's, the index is based on the premise that this product is universally available and produced in a similar manner worldwide. The index serves to evaluate whether exchange rates are aligned with purchasing power parity (PPP), by comparing t