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French President Emmanuel Macron’s visit to China, which began on 3 December 2025, lasted until 5 December. The main agenda items of the visit included trade and security relations between Europe and China, the war in Ukraine, and strategic autonomy. Background Before the Visit (2023–2025) The broader context of Macron’s December 2025 visit was shaped by diplomatic engagements in 2023 and 2024 and evolving European policies toward China. During his 2023 visit to China, Macron stated that Europe