
Biochemistry is the scientific discipline that studies chemical processes in living organisms at the molecular level. It comprehensively examines the building blocks of cells, their interactions, energy transformations, and all biochemical reactions necessary for sustaining life. Biochemistry is one of the foundational pillars of modern scientific understanding, intersecting with numerous disciplines including chemistry, biology, physics, medicine, and engineering.Historical Development and Scie
EN
Betül Sena Kırval
ThPeriodontal diseases are disorders characterized by chronic inflammation of the tissues supporting the gums and teeth. This disease process, which begins as gingivitis, can progress to periodontitis if left untreated, leading to alveolar bone loss and tooth loss road. In the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, bacterial infection is accompanied by a significant role played by the host’s immune response. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of biochemical markers, particularly enzyme
EN
Dilek Süeda Çolak