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PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is an evaluation program conducted by the OECD that measures the competencies of 15-year-old students in reading, mathematics, and science at an international level. The program not only assesses student performance but also provides data to inform the development of policies and educational reforms by revealing the strengths and weaknesses of education systems. PISA is one of the most comprehensive international student assessment programs i

John Dewey (October 20, 1859, Burlington, Vermont – June 1, 1952, New York) was an American philosopher, psychologist, educator, and social reformer. Recognized as one of the founders of pragmatism, Dewey pioneered the theoretical development of democratic education, experiential learning, and applied knowledge. His philosophical thought resonated deeply not only in epistemology and aesthetics but also in ethics, politics, and especially education. He advocated for a life-centered, experience-ba