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Tsunamis are large, rapid waves caused by sudden movements on the seabed or ocean floor. When these waves reach the coast, they can cause serious damage. How Do Tsunamis Form? Tsunamis most commonly occur due to underwater earthquakes. Volcanic eruptions and underwater landslides can also trigger tsunamis. These events displace large volumes of water, generating massive waves. Wave Characteristics In the open ocean, tsunami waves are low and difficult to detect. However, their speed of up to 800