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Ukraine, located in the east of the European continent and north of the Black Sea, is both the geopolitical heart of Eastern Europe and a cultural bridge between Europe and Eurasia. With a total area of 603,550 square kilometers, it is the second-largest country in Europe after Russia. Its capital, Kyiv, had a population of approximately 35.6 million as of 2025. Thanks to its fertile black soil (chernozem), Ukraine has been historically known as the “granary of Europe.” Ukraine’s identity has be