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Ahmed Cemal Pasha (6 May 1872, Midilli–21 July 1922, Tbilisi), an Ottoman military officer and statesman who held various military, administrative, and political roles during the final period of the Ottoman State and was among the leading figures of the Committee of Union and Progress. After completing his military education, he served in various posts in Rumelia; following the declaration of the Second Constitutional Monarchy, he was appointed mutasarrıf of Üsküdar and later governor of Adana a

Yahya Bostan (born 1981, Istanbul) is a Turkish journalist and author who serves as Academic and Publications Coordinator at Anadolu Agency and has written on foreign policy for Yeni Şafak. After graduating from Beylerbeyi High School, he earned his bachelor’s degree in history from Istanbul Bilgi University and completed his master’s degree at Boğaziçi University’s Atatürk Institute with a thesis on the history of diplomacy. Career Throughout his professional career, Bostan has worked in Istanb

Jan Schmidt was born in 1951 in Arnhem, Netherlands. He studied at Leiden University in the Department of History, Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures from 1969 to 1985 and continued his academic work at the same institution. In 1992, he completed his doctorate at Leiden University with a new perspective on the work Künhü’l-Ahbar, written in 1590 by Gelibolulu Mustafa Âli, a figure of major importance in Turkish literature. While continuing his research in the Netherlands, he taught for a peri

NATO flag is the flag of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). It features the NATO emblem placed on a dark blue background. The emblem is compass-shaped, intersected by a circle; the star, circle and lines are white, while the background is dark blue. The star shape is interpreted as a compass symbolizing NATO’s commitment to the path of peace. The circle represents the unity of the 14 member states at the time the emblem was adopted, and the dark blue background symbolizes the Atlanti

While walking among the stones of the historic Buda district of Budapest, in the ruins of the former Budin Castle, one can trace the legacy of one of the most dramatic endings in Ottoman history. Here, the memory of Abdurrahman Abdi Pasha, the last beylerbeyi of Budin, who lost his life defending the city during its fall, still lives on. What makes his story extraordinary is not merely that a statesman in his seventies fought until his final moment. The truly remarkable aspect is that centuries