
On 11 May 2025, elections were held in the Republic of Albania to determine the new members of its 140-seat unicameral parliament (Kuvendi i Shqipërisë). This marked the 11th multi-party general election since Albania transitioned to a multi-party system in 1991. According to unofficial results with nearly all votes counted, the Socialist Party (PS), led by incumbent Prime Minister Edi Rama, won the elections, granting Rama the opportunity to serve as Prime Minister for a fourth consecutive term
EN
Edanur Karakoç

The July 12 Declaration is a statement issued by President İsmet İnönü on July 12, 1947. In response to tensions between the Republican People’s Party (CHP) and the Democrat Party (DP) reaching a level that threatened the regime, İnönü assumed the role of mediator and drafted this declaration. The statement was prepared following meetings between İnönü and CHP leader Recep Peker and DP leader Celal Bayar between June 7 and July 10, 1947. It was read on the radio on July 11 and published in the p
EN
Yunus Emre Sağlam

New York City Mayoral Election (2025) was held on 4 November 2025 in New York, the most populous city in the United States. The election took place after incumbent mayor Eric Adams withdrew from the race and featured Democratic Party candidate Zohran Mamdani, independent candidate and former New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, and Republican Party candidate Curtis Sliwa.According to unofficial results announced by the Associated Press (AP) after vote counting was completed, Zohran Mamdani won the el
EN
Edanur Karakoç

Andre Vahram Bayar (Kocabıyıkyan), born in Istanbul in 1890, served as a member of parliament for Istanbul in the ninth term of the Democrat Party while also practicing as a medical doctor. Bayar held various health-related positions both within and outside Türkiye, received his education in Paris, undertook several administrative roles within the Armenian community, and during his parliamentary term focused intensively on health policy initiatives. After his political career ended, he returned
EN
Yunus Emre Sağlam

Zohran Kwame Mamdani (born October 18, 1991) is an American politician and community organizer who has represented New York State Assembly District 36 (Astoria, Queens) since 2021. A member of the Democratic Party and the Democratic Socialists of America, he won the Democratic primary for the 2025 New York City mayoral election on 24 June 2025, defeating former governor Andrew Cuomo in a ranked-choice contest. Early life and educationMamdani was born in Kampala, Uganda, to filmmaker Mira Nair an
EN
Doğan Eşkinat

Law on the Encouragement of Foreign Investment is Law No. 6224, adopted on 18 January 1954 and published in the Official Gazette on 23 January 1954, thereby entering into force. Enacted as part of the Democratic Party (DP) government’s objective to open the Turkish economy to the outside world and establish a competitive foreign trade capacity, the law aimed to encourage the attraction of foreign capital into Türkiye. Designed to strengthen Türkiye’s position within the post-Second World War int
EN
Yunus Emre Sağlam

Baha Akşit, born in 1914 in the village of Yatağan, Denizli, transitioned from the medical profession to political life and played influential roles during Türkiye’s multi-party era. He became one of the leading members of the Democratic Party, was tried and sentenced to life imprisonment following the 1960 coup, and returned to politics after being pardoned, serving as a member of the Republic Senate. He is recognized for his long-standing contributions in the fields of medicine, education, and
EN
Yunus Emre Sağlam

Franklin Pierce was born on November 23, 1804, in the town of Hillsborough, New Hampshire. His father, Benjamin Pierce, was a militia leader who served during the American Revolution and held two terms as governor, thereby exerting considerable influence on local politics. Pierce received his higher education at Bowdoin College, where he formed friendships with figures such as Nathaniel Hawthorne. After graduating in 1824, he studied law and was admitted to the New Hampshire bar in 1827.He began
EN
Ahsen Karakaş

James Buchanan was born on April 23, 1791, in the town of Cove Gap, located in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. The son of a merchant who had emigrated from Ireland, Buchanan spent his childhood at his family’s trading post in Stony Batter. With his interest in education and the support of his family, he was admitted to Dickinson College and graduated in 1809. That same year, he began studying law and was admitted to the Pennsylvania bar in 1812. Buchanan launched his legal career in Lancaster and
EN
Ahsen Karakaş

Stephen Grover Cleveland was born on March 18, 1837, in Caldwell, New Jersey. He was the fifth of nine children in a family whose father, Richard Cleveland, was a clergyman. The family moved to central New York in 1841. Following his father’s death in 1853, Grover Cleveland abandoned his aspirations for higher education and began working to support his family. He first worked as a teacher at the New York Institute for the Blind and later took a clerkship at a law office in Buffalo. Despite lacki
EN
Ahsen Karakaş