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Pessinus is an ancient Phrygian city located near the village of Ballıhisar in the Sivrihisar district of Eskişehir Province in Türkiye. This sacred city, with a history extending back to the 2nd millennium BCE, is particularly known as one of the central cult sites of the mother goddess Cybele. During the Roman Empire, it developed into a Greco-Roman polis and became a regional center.Location and GeographyPessinus is situated in a valley approximately 950 meters above sea level in the eastern

Kybele is one of the oldest and most powerful goddess figures in Anatolia. Revered especially in the Phrygia region as the Mother Goddess, Kybele was regarded as the protector of nature, fertility, mountains, and wild life. Kybele held a significant place both among indigenous Anatolian communities and in later Greek and Roman worlds, and is among the principal goddesses representing Anatolia’s religious identity. Due to the longevity of her cult, Kybele occupies an important position in Anatoli