
Howard Gardner (b. 1943) is a globally influential theorist in the fields of cognitive psychology and educational sciences in the United States. He is best known for his Multiple Intelligences Theory. This theory challenges the traditional view of intelligence as a singular and measurable construct by proposing that individuals possess diverse cognitive potentials. Gardner’s approach has played a pivotal role in promoting personalized teaching methods in educational systems, recognizing differen
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Curriculum is an Arabic-derived term and the plural of müfred, meaning “singular, distinct, individual.” Although used in different contexts across various disciplines, it consistently conveys the meaning of “singularity, distinctness, or uniqueness.” In this sense, it is a multifaceted term found in both religious sciences and modern educational systems.Curriculum in Modern EducationIn modern educational systems, curriculum refers to a systematic planning framework that encompasses the knowledg
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