
Rönesans Holding A.Ş. is a multinational construction and investment company founded in 1993 by Dr. Erman Ilıcak in St. Petersburg, Russia, with its headquarters located in Ankara. The holding operates in sectors including construction, real estate development, energy, healthcare, and industrial facilities. History 1993: Establishment of Rönesans İnşaat. 2001: Entry into the real estate development sector. 2004: Inauguration of Ankara Optimum Shopping Center, Rönesans’ first real estate investme
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Hüseyin Caner Özkan

Halil Rıfat Paşa Tunnel is a road tunnel located within the boundaries of Dereli district, Giresun province in Türkiye’s Black Sea Region. The tunnel lies on the Giresun–Sivas road route, connecting Giresun with the districts of Şebinkarahisar, Alucra and Çamoluk. It is approximately 35 meters long. Construction began in 1885 under the initiative of the then Governor of Sivas, Halil Rıfat Paşa. The tunnel remains open to vehicular traffic today, just as it was upon completion, and continues to s
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Zelal Çakar

Halil Rıfat Paşa Tunnel is a road tunnel located within the boundaries of Dereli district, in the Giresun province of Türkiye’s Black Sea Region. It lies on the route connecting Tunnel with the districts of Şebinkarahisar, Alucra, and Çamoluk, along the Giresun–Sivas road corridor. The tunnel is approximately 35 meters long. Construction began in 1885 under the initiative of Halil Rıfat Paşa, the then Governor of Sivas. The tunnel remains open to vehicular traffic today, just as it was upon comp
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Zelal Çakar
ThThe engineering future of wood refers to the transformation of a traditional building material into a high-performance engineering material through reinterpretation with modern technology and sustainability principles. Wood, noted for its carbon-neutral properties and renewable nature, has become an ecological alternative to concrete and steel in the construction sector thanks to advanced manufacturing techniques such as computer-aided design (CAD), computer numerical control (CNC) machines, and
ENÖmer Said GÜNDOĞDU

Architecture is a multidisciplinary field concerned with shaping the physical environment, integrating aesthetic, functional, and technical considerations. It provides solutions to fundamental human needs such as shelter, production, education, transportation, and cultural activity, while simultaneously operating as an activity deeply embedded within social, historical, environmental, and technological contexts. Architecture has evolved over time as both a theoretical and practical domain of kno
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Sümeyye Akkanat Terzioğlu

Personnel lifts are mechanical platforms designed to ensure safe access to elevated work areas. These devices are used to meet the needs of working at height, particularly in sectors such as construction, maintenance, cleaning, and warehouse operations. Personnel lifts must be selected and used in accordance with the nature of the task and the working environment. Historical Development The development of personnel lifts has progressed in parallel with increasing industrial demands. Beginning in
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Yusuf İslam Tuğla

An excavator is a large and powerful construction machine. It is commonly used in construction and excavation work. It features a specialized arm and bucket system designed for digging soil, rocks, and other heavy materials. Thanks to this bucket, it can dig deep trenches and easily transport large quantities of material. What Are Its Functions? Excavators are used to prepare the ground for large projects such as roads, buildings, and bridges. They are also employed to remove debris, carry out e
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İbrahim Filiz

Dozers, commonly known as bulldozers, are powerful construction machines produced either on tracks or wheels, primarily used for pushing materials, land preparation, trenching, and rock breaking. Historical Development The origins of the bulldozer date back to the early 20th century. The first version was designed and patented by James Cummings and J. Earl McLeod in 1923. It consisted of a straight blade mounted in front of a tractor. Over time, with the development of hydraulic controls, the bl
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Yusuf İslam Tuğla

Dump trucks are special-purpose construction vehicles used for high-capacity transportation and unloading of materials in construction, mining, and infrastructure projects. Thanks to their dump mechanism, they can unload their loads at specific angles. Historical Development Although the sources do not provide a direct historical narrative, the technological evolution of dump trucks has progressed in parallel with the development of modern construction equipment. In particular, with the advancem
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Yusuf İslam Tuğla

The term “shipyard” (tersane) in Turkish, which began to be used from the early 16th century, was borrowed from the Italian word darsena. A shipyard refers to production facilities equipped with the necessary infrastructure and capabilities to carry out operations such as the new construction of a required vessel or any watercraft, the conversion of an existing vessel, or its maintenance and repair. The shipbuilding industry has a composite structure that integrates various industrial products a
ENGökhan Tıraşoğlu