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The ginkgo tree (Ginkgo biloba L.) is the sole surviving member of the order Ginkgoales, whose geological history extends back to the Permian period and whose fossil record shows uninterrupted continuity. Although its natural distribution is restricted to moist valleys in southwestern China, it has persisted in East Asia through temple cultivation spanning over a millennium and since the 18th century in temperate urban landscapes worldwide. Its unusual anatomical features—dichotomously veined fa

Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is a semi-aquatic mammal species belonging to the family Mustelidae. It has a wide geographic distribution across various regions of Europe, Asia, and North Africa. This species plays a critical role as a key predator in freshwater ecosystems, helping to maintain ecological balance. In recent years, declines in their populations have been observed due to habitat loss, water pollution, and other human-induced threats. This situation has led to increased scientific res

The blue whale is known as the largest animal species on Earth and belongs to the Balaenopteridae family among marine mammals. Unique in size and weight, this species primarily inhabits the open waters of the oceans and plays a significant ecological role in various marine ecosystems. Blue whales are the focus of scientific research due to their complex migration patterns, unique feeding strategies, and acoustic communication abilities. Their historical and contemporary distribution, population

Harpia harpyja is one of the largest raptors belonging to the family Accipitridae and is recognized as the largest eagle inhabiting continental America. This species is predominantly found in the tropical rainforests of the Amazon Basin. In terms of habitat preference, it favors lowland forested areas with dense and tall tree canopies. Its distribution ranges from southern Mexico to countries such as Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, Suriname, and French Guiana. However, this distribution is fra