
Computers are regarded as one of the most critical inventions forming the foundation of modern technology. The historical development, spanning from mechanical calculation machines to artificial intelligence-supported systems, has led the advancement of information technologies. From past to present computer-Bilgeyik " image-alternate="" image-element-format="right"> From Mechanical Calculating Devices to Automated Systems The foundations of the computer concept date back to mechanical calcul
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Muhammed Elarif

Türksat 5A is one of the communication satellites operated by Türkiye. The satellite is designed to operate in the Ku band to provide television broadcasting and data communication services. Equipped with a fully electric propulsion system, Türksat 5A operates in a geostationary orbit at 31° East longitude. Thanks to its wide coverage area, it serves not only Türkiye but also parts of Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia. Developed with the goal of long-term operational use, the satel
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Yunus Emre Sağlam

Digital age global internet connectivity is largely provided by fiber optic cables laid beneath the sea. Today, more than 1.4 million kilometers of ocean floor cables exist worldwide, carrying 99 percent of internet data traffic. From this perspective, submarine internet cables form the fundamental backbone of global civil and military communications, and fully understanding their structure is of critical importance. Principle of Operation of Submarine Cables Submarine cables transmit data using
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Bülent Durusoy

Turkish Postal and Telegraph Organization (PTT) is one of Türkiye’s most longstanding institutions and a public entity providing services in postal, courier, logistics, and banking sectors. Established in 1840, it played a critical role in Türkiye’s national independence struggle and has built a communication legacy spanning to the present day. This historical development was shaped by the impacts of the industrial revolution, wars, economic policies, and technological innovations, integrating p
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Elif Laçin

Fixed-line telephone is a communication device that operates through a wired connection at a specific location and enables voice communication. As one of the key inventions in communication technology, the fixed-line telephone has followed a path marked by bans, customs seizures, foreign company concessions, nationalization efforts, institutional transformations, and technological breakthroughs from the Ottoman Empire to present-day Türkiye. History of the Fixed-line Telephone Fixed-line telepho
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Nida Öztürkmen

A strategic partnership agreement has been signed between Türksat and Es'hailSat, a satellite operator based in Qatar, to enhance cooperation in the field of space and satellite technologies between Türkiye and Qatar. The agreement, signed in Doha, anticipates long-term capacity sharing, joint commercial growth, and the development of satellite communication services between the two companies. The partnership aims to extend the existing strategic relations between the two countries into the doma
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Zeynep Gül