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Nuclear batteries are specialized batteries that generate electricity by harnessing the heat released during the natural decay of radioactive materials. They typically use isotopes such as Plutonium-238. Their most significant feature is their ability to operate for very long durations (10–50 years) and to provide power even under harsh environmental conditions.For this reason, they are preferred in spacecraft medical devices and military equipment. Since they have no moving parts, they are sile

Betavoltaic batteries are a type of nuclear battery that generates electrical energy through the emission of beta particles (electrons) from radioactive isotopes. These devices produce electric current by separating electron-hole pairs created when beta particles strike a p-n junction within a semiconductor material. This process is similar to how photovoltaic cells convert light energy into electrical energy, but here the energy source is radioactive decay instead of sunlight.HistoryThe foundat