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Permafrost is soil and rock layers that remain frozen for at least two consecutive years. The Arctic region contains the largest permafrost areas on Earth, with these regions particularly widespread at high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. Arctic permafrost acts as a critical carbon reservoir in the global carbon cycle. Carbon stored in the permafrost as frozen organic material remains isolated from the atmosphere as long as the permafrost remains intact.Thawing of Arctic permafrost (AA)" i

Arctic Poppy (Papaver radicatum) is a perennial herbaceous plant adapted to cold climatic conditions found at high latitudes such as Greenland. It is a characteristic species that thrives particularly on stony and loose slopes, low-elevation alluvial areas, and disturbed habitats.This species is known for its high sensitivity to environmental factors such as surface temperature, soil moisture, active layer depth, and ionic composition of soil solution. It is frequently used as a model organism i

The polar bear, scientifically known as Ursus maritimus, is a beloved and powerful inhabitant of the Arctic region. The name, meaning “sea bear,” reflects its adaptation to life on sea ice. It is one of the largest terrestrial carnivores in the world and is exceptionally strong.What Do They Look Like?The polar bear’s fur appears white but is actually transparent. This allows them to blend seamlessly into snow and ice. Beneath the fur, their skin is black, which helps absorb sunlight and convert

Reindeer is a species of deer that inhabits the Arctic regions of northern Europe, Siberia and northern North America. In North America it is also known as caribou. Reindeer populations vary in herd size depending on the region and have numerous subspecies with names specific to their geographic ranges. The Labrador reindeer, Porcupine reindeer, Finnish forest reindeer and Svalbard reindeer like are still extant, bringing the total number of subspecies to 14 including two that have gone extinct.

The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is one of the powerful and charismatic giants of the cold Arctic seas. The most distinguishing features that set them apart from other marine mammals are their long tusks and sensitive whiskers on their faces. Thanks to these whiskers, they can easily locate mussels and other shellfish on the seafloor. They use their tusks and strong bodies both to move across ice and to defend themselves.What Colors Do They Have?The skin and fur of polar walruses can vary in shade