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Attouda Ancient City is an ancient settlement located within the boundaries of Hisar Village in the Sarayköy district of Denizli Province, Türkiye. Strategically positioned between the ancient regions of Phrygia and Caria, the city became one of the significant urban centers during the Lydian Kingdom and later under the Roman Empire. Attouda is situated on a dominant hilltop in the local topography, near the present-day village of Hisar.Historical BackgroundThe history of Attouda Ancient City ex

Titiopolis is an ancient settlement located within the boundaries of the Anamur district of Mersin province in Türkiye. Based on archaeological surveys conducted between 1964 and 1968 in the Cilicia region by George Ewart Bean and Terence Bruce Mitford, the area now occupied by the modern village of Kalınören has been identified as Titiopolis. The ancient city contains remains from the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods and is described in ancient sources as an independent site not subord

Colybrassus, also known as Ayasofya, is an ancient settlement located in the northern part of the Alanya district of Antalya Province, within the boundaries of the Güzelbağ Village neighborhood of Bayırkozağacı. Situated approximately 30 kilometers from Alanya, within a valley, the site contains remains from the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods.HistoryColybrassus is understood to have been founded during the Hellenistic period. Archaeological remains at the site demonstrate that settlem

Kaunos Ancient City was an important port city of Antiquity, located within the boundaries of Dalyan Neighborhood in Ortaca District of present-day Muğla Province, Türkiye. Situated on the border of the Caria and Lycia regions, the city is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List and is notable for its archaeological remains, rock tombs, and ancient structures.HistoryThere are various accounts regarding the foundation of Kaunos. According to Herodotus, the people of Kaunos were the i

Cambazlı Church is located within the borders of Cambazlı Village, belonging to the Silifke district of Mersin province in Türkiye, approximately 29 kilometers east of Silifke. This region, positioned on an important ancient transportation and settlement axis, is connected by a paved ancient road to Uzuncaburç (Diocaesarea), Ura (Olba), and Kızkalesi (Corycus). The road line and the dense archaeological remains around it indicate that Cambazlı was a significant settlement center during the Late

Gavur Kalesi is a fortress located near Dereköy Village in the Haymana district of Ankara, in the southern part of the Central Anatolia Region. The fortress was constructed atop steep cliffs to maximize the natural defensive advantages offered by the surrounding terrain. The steep slopes limiting access to the fortress provided both natural protection and an unobstructed view of the surrounding landscape. Due to these geographical features, the structure stands out as a suitable settlement for m

The ancient city located in the district of Alaşehir, approximately 110 km from the city center of Manisa, was transformed into a major settlement center in the mid-2nd century BCE by King Attalus II Philadelphus of Pergamon, who named it “Philadelphia” in his honor. During the Roman period, the city became known as “Little Athens” due to its temples and festivals. It retained its importance during the Byzantine era and was fortified with walls in the 11th century following the onset of Turkish