`12-september` Related Article Results

The September 12, 1980 Coup was a military coup carried out by the command hierarchy of the Turkish Armed Forces at the time. The coup effectively concentrated executive and legislative powers under the National Security Council (NSC), significantly restricting fundamental rights and freedoms under a state of emergency regime. Within this framework, Türkiye’s political structure, legal order, and institutional architecture entered a profound process of restructuring during the first half of the