---
title: Servo motor
slug: servo-motor-d1cba
url: /detay/servo-motor-d1cba
type: article
language: English
entity:
  primary: Servo motor
  type: article
  disambiguation: Precise control, high accuracy. Servo motors for robotics, automation & more.
  categories:
    - name: Machinery, Robotics And Mechatronics
      slug: makine-robotik-ve-mekatronik
      url: /kategori/makine-robotik-ve-mekatronik
  tags:
    - Equipment
    - hobby
    - material
    - Engine
author: Muhammed Erdem
created_at: 2025-05-21T00:15:00.132735+03:00
updated_at: 2025-05-23T14:13:30.363626+03:00
image: https://cdn.t3pedia.org/media/uploads/2025/05/20/xLVrC1cPfhpJze6KzXZcSFc6RmCVU6Ra.webp
---

# Servo motor

<!-- CONTEXT: Article Content for "Servo motor" -->

## Article Content

A servo motor is a closed-loop system that enables precise control of mechanical movement in [automatic control systems](/en/detay/industrial-automation-1c692/llms.txt). These motors allow for angular or linear position, speed, and acceleration control, maintaining the target position with high accuracy thanks to a feedback mechanism. They are widely used in industrial robots, [RC (radio-controlled) vehicles](/en/detay/rc-radio-controlled-model-aircraft-e66e5/llms.txt), CNC machines, and [automation systems](/en/detay/robotics-automation-cddff/llms.txt).

![Image](https://cdn.kureansiklopedi.com/media/uploads/2025/05/19/bLNQ1ldHR6pp1tTb59boYG25I8kk2CdS.png)
*Servo Motor Internal Structure (Created with Artificial Intelligence)*

### **History**

The foundation of [servo motors](/en/detay/servo-motor-2ffe1/llms.txt) dates back to hydraulic systems in the 19th century. The first electric servo motor was developed in the 1920s by John C. Stevens. During World War II, their use expanded in artillery systems and radar antennas. With the advancement of microprocessor technology in the 1970s, modern servo motors became standard in industrial production lines.

### **Components**

####  **Motor**



####  **Feedback Sensor**



####  **Control Circuit**



####  **Gearbox**



### **Working Principle**

Servo motors are controlled via PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals. The control signal consists of electrical pulses repeated at specific intervals. The pulse width determines the motor's target position:

####  **Example PWM Values**



The motor processes the incoming signal every 20 ms. The feedback sensor continuously measures the shaft's position. The control circuit moves the motor until the difference (error signal) between the target and current position is minimized. This closed-loop system ensures precision and stability.

### **Types of Servo Motors**

####  **Positional Rotation Servo**



####  **Continuous Rotation Servo**



####  **Linear Servo**



####  **AC and DC Servo Motors**



### **Applications**

- **Robotics:** Controlling joint movements in robotic arms.
- **Aviation:** Flap and landing gear control in UAVs (drones).
- **Automation:** Packaging machines, 3D printers, and CNC machines.
- **Consumer Electronics:** Camera autofocus systems and solar panel sun tracking.

### **Advantages and Disadvantages**

| Advantages | Disadvantages |
| High torque and precision | More expensive than standard motors |
| Energy efficient | Requires complex control circuitry |
| Wide speed range | Maintenance needed due to gear wear |

<!-- CONTEXT: Academic Sources and References for "Servo motor" -->

## Academic Sources and References

1. Mezher LS. Characteristics of Servo DC Motor with PID Controller. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Development. 2021;44(2):392-400 [accessed May 12, 2025]. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349313247\_Characteristics\_of\_Servo\_DC\_Motor\_with\_PID\_ControllerAkash RK. Comparative Analysis of Control Strategies for Position Regulation in DC Servo Motors. arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.11820; 2025 [accessed May 12, 2025]. Available at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.11820Tokel Ç. Design and Implementation of a Four-Axis RC Servo Motor-Driven Robot Manipulator. İzmir: Dokuz Eylül University Institute of Natural Sciences; 2009 [accessed May 12, 2025]. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/utbd/issue/36156/406614Servo Motors and an Example Application Design. Marmara University AVESİS; 2023 [accessed May 12, 2025]. Available at: https://avesis.marmara.edu.tr/yonetilen-tez/200ac561-3723-4381-a42c-ae6291e04adf/servo-motorlar-ve-ornek-bir-uygulama-tasarimi